FORMATION OF THE MUSEUM PEDAGOGY IN THE WESTERN UKRAINE

Abstract

It is proven that the museum pedagogy in the Western Ukraine was formed in interrelationship with educational and cultural institutions, and as a result the foundations for the development of national museum studies and museum education have been laid. Factual material on the emergence and functioning of the museum centers in the Western Ukrainian lands has been generalized, that confirms the orientation of the intelligentsia, communities, individual artists, scientists and educators on the formation of museum work in reaching national affirmation through art. Among the significant events there was the creation of the European arts gallery in Lviv in 1897 and the establishment of Lviv History Museum in 1893. Attention is drawn to the missions of this museum, that went through many historical epochs, states, often polar concepts that reflected the ideology of those political regimes that prevailed at this time in the Ukrainian lands of Galychyna, but its activities were directed to creative cooperation between the part of the Ukrainian and Polish intelligentsia, the functioning of the Ukrainian public institutions in Krakow, Warsaw and Peremyshl. In 1940, the Jan III Museum merged with the Historical Museum into a single institution – Lviv History Museum. It’s role was identified by the museum scientist Ya. Pasternak, who headed the Museum of the Scientific Society named after Shevchenko. His merits include large-scale excavations in old Prague, in the area of princely Galychyna, where he opened the Uspenskyi Cathedral with sarcophagus of Yaroslav Osmomysl. He actively practiced teaching at Prague, Goettingen, Munich, Bonn and Lviv Universities, worked as a professor at the Greek Catholic Theological Academy in Lviv, the Archeology Institute Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences, State Archeological Institute in Toronto. The prominent art institution of Lviv and Ukraine is the National Museum of National Culture and Art named after Andrii Sheptytsky, founded by the Metropolitan in 1905 as a private foundation called the Church Museum. The concept of the museum is based on the principles of historicism, historical truth about the cultural development of the Ukrainian people, asserting M. Hrushevsky's scientific approach. In the National Museum of Monument of Western Ukrainian Portrait Painting of the late XVII–XIX centuries the works of the classics of Ukrainian art were presented: K. Ustyanovych, T. Kopystynskyi, M. Murashko, M. Pymonenko, S. Vasylkivskyi, F. Krasitskyi, A. Manastyrskyi, I. Trush, O. Kulchytska, as well as works by artists whose names were removed from the spiritual treasury of the Ukrainian people – M. Boychuk, M. Sosenko, L. Getz, P. Kholodnyi and others. A good example of the cultural heritage preservation is also Lviv Museum of Folk Architecture and Life "Shevchenko Gai", which began to form in 1930. It is proven that the given facts on the development of the museum culture and education in the Western Ukraine confirm the continuity in the formation of the Ukraine’s cultural image, enabling the preservation of the national, cultural and ethnic identity.